Ultralingua Bookshelf Raises the Bar for iOS Dictionary Apps ...

Minneapolis, Minnesota ? The dictionary software team at Ultralingua has announced a major upgrade to their line of over 30 multi-lingual dictionary apps available for iPhone, iPad and iPod touch. The updated apps are available now on the App Store. Existing customers can upgrade for free.

Rewritten From Scratch:
According to Ultralingua?s founder and CTO Jeff Ondich, ?This update is a complete rewrite and redesign of the apps? user interface and search engine, based on years of user testing and customer feedback. We learned enough about our products? strengths and weaknesses that we decided to just start from scratch and take our time. We love the result, and think our customers will, too.?

Major Improvements Include:
* Streamlined navigation, for fast consultation. All searching, conjugation, number translation, etc. happens from a single search box, with all results on a single screen
* Smart search searches both languages simultaneously, finds root words and accent-insensitive matches, adjusts for articles and prepositions (e.g. ?l?homme? finds ?homme?), etc.
* The dictionaries feature a beautifully rendered, completely redesigned dictionary display
* The powerful and convenient in-line verb conjugator includes translations and many new tenses
* iCloud enables you to combine your separate Ultralingua dictionaries into the convenient all-in-one Ultralingua Dictionary Bookshelf app
* Mark words and conjugations as Favorites, and share them using Twitter and Facebook
* You can change fonts and font sizes

Free Demos:
To try out an Ultralingua dictionary before buying, you can download the Ultralingua Dictionary Bookshelf app for free and try any of its demo datasets. All of the titles available for sale in the Bookshelf come with a free, fully functional demo containing only the entries starting with the letter M.

New Collaboration With Collins & Le Robert:
Collins-Robert Concise French Dictionary Ultralingua?s top French-English app has received a major overhaul, developed in close collaboration with Collins and Le Robert, publishers of French-English dictionaries widely considered the best in the world. The updated app, which is extremely rich in example phrases, usage guidance, and cultural notes, uses the Collins Robert Concise Dictionary 8th Edition (C) HarperCollins Publishers and Dictionnaires Le Robert 2011.

Ultralingua?s announcement also includes upgrades to seven other titles based on Collins datasets.

New Dutch Titles:
There are four new Ultralingua Dutch language titles: Dutch-English, Dutch-French, Dutch-German, and Dutch-Spanish, all of which include full conjugations of verbs for each language. These titles are available exclusively through the Ultralingua Dictionary Bookshelf

Big Upgrade To Latin-English:
Ultralingua?s Latin-English app is now based on the 1879 classic ?A Latin Dictionary? by Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short, digitized and made available in the public domain by the Perseus Digital Library, and edited for Ultralingua by Classicist Robert Hardy, Ph.D. This revamped title provides complete conjugations for both the Latin and English verbs found in the text.

Language Support:
English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish

Device Requirements:
* iPhone 3GS/4/4S/5, iPod touch (3rd/4th/5th generation), and iPad
* Requires iOS 5.0 or later
* Universal app optimized for display on all iOS devices
* 10.3 MB

Pricing and Availability:
Ultralingua 2.3 is free and available worldwide through the App Store in the Reference category.

Ultralingua
Ultralingua 2.3
Download from iTunes
YouTube Video 1
YouTube Video 2
App Icon

Ultralingua makes high-quality mobile applications for people who love languages. We have been developing reference tools for business, education, and travel since 1997. Our apps are available for iPhone, iPad, Mac, Windows, the web, and other mobile devices. Ultralingua?s dictionaries are compiled by a team of language professionals, including linguists, university professors, and professional translators. Our uniquely collaborative approach to software development results in applications that represent the best in design and linguistics. Connect with us on Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube to learn more about us. You can also learn more about our apps on the App Store. Copyright (C) 2013 Ultralingua. All Rights Reserved. Apple, the Apple logo, iPhone, iPod and iPad are registered trademarks of Apple Inc. in the U.S. and/or other countries.

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Source: http://www.macmegasite.com/2013/05/30/ultralingua-bookshelf-raises-the-bar-for-ios-dictionary-apps/

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Genetic engineering alters mosquitoes' sense of smell

May 29, 2013 ? In one of the first successful attempts at genetically engineering mosquitoes, HHMI researchers have altered the way the insects respond to odors, including the smell of humans and the insect repellant DEET. The research not only demonstrates that mosquitoes can be genetically altered using the latest research techniques, but paves the way to understanding why the insect is so attracted to humans, and how to block that attraction. "The time has come now to do genetics in these important disease-vector insects.

I think our new work is a great example that you can do it," says Leslie Vosshall, an HHMI investigator at The Rockefeller University who led the new research, published May 29, 2013 in the journal Nature.

In 2007, scientists announced the completion of the full genome sequence of Aedes aegypti, the mosquito that transmits dengue and yellow fever. A year later, when Vosshall became an HHMI investigator, she shifted the focus of her lab from Drosophila flies to mosquitoes with the specific goal of genetically engineering the insects. Studying mosquitoes appealed to her because of their importance as disease carriers, as well as their unique attraction to humans.

Vosshall's first target: a gene called orco, which her lab had deleted in genetically engineered flies 10 years earlier. "We knew this gene was important for flies to be able to respond to the odors they respond to," says Vosshall. "And we had some hints that mosquitoes interact with smells in their environment, so it was a good bet that something would interact with orco in mosquitoes."

Vosshall's team turned to a genetic engineering tool called zinc-finger nucleases to specifically mutate the orco gene in Aedes aegypti. They injected the targeted zinc-finger nucleases into mosquito embryos, waited for them to mature, identified mutant individuals, and generated mutant strains that allowed them to study the role of orco in mosquito biology. The engineered mosquitoes showed diminished activity in neurons linked to odor-sensing. Then, behavioral tests revealed more changes.

When given a choice between a human and any other animal, normal Aedes aegypti will reliably buzz toward the human. But the mosquitoes with orco mutations showed reduced preference for the smell of humans over guinea pigs, even in the presence of carbon dioxide, which is thought to help mosquitoes respond to human scent. "By disrupting a single gene, we can fundamentally confuse the mosquito from its task of seeking humans," says Vosshall. But they don't yet know whether the confusion stems from an inability to sense a "bad" smell coming from the guinea pig, a "good" smell from the human, or both. Next, the team tested whether the mosquitoes with orco mutations responded differently to DEET. When exposed to two human arms -- one slathered in a solution containing 10 percent DEET, the active ingredient in many bug repellants, and the other untreated -- the mosquitoes flew equally toward both arms, suggesting they couldn't smell the DEET. But once they landed on the arms, they quickly flew away from the DEET-covered one. "This tells us that there are two totally different mechanisms that mosquitoes are using to sense DEET," explains Vosshall. "One is what's happening in the air, and the other only comes into action when the mosquito is touching the skin." Such dual mechanisms had been discussed but had never been shown before.

Vosshall and her collaborators next want to study in more detail how the orco protein interacts with the mosquitoes' odorant receptors to allow the insects to sense smells. "We want to know what it is about these mosquitoes that makes them so specialized for humans," she says. "And if we can also provide insights into how existing repellants are working, then we can start having some ideas about what a next-generation repellant would look like."

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/strange_science/~3/YaQXOWDRbeg/130529133151.htm

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Study: Doctors often on board to help sick fliers

Is there a doctor on board? Surprisingly often, there is ? in half of in-flight medical emergencies ? and sick airline passengers almost always survive, a new study finds.

The research is the largest look yet at what happens to people who develop a medical problem on a commercial flight ? about 44,000 of the 2.75 billion passengers worldwide each year, researchers estimate.

Most cases don't require diverting a plane as the study's leader, Dr. Christian Martin-Gill, advised a pilot to do two years. He works for MD-STAT, a service at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center that advises about 20 major airlines on how to handle in-flight emergencies. Another large service is based in Phoenix.

Martin-Gill handled a call when a passenger seemed to be having a heart attack on a flight from Europe to the U.S. The man's implanted defibrillator had shocked his heart five times to try to restore normal rhythm.

"The aircraft was in the middle of its destination, flying over the Atlantic," so he recommended landing at Newfoundland off the Canadian coast to get the man to the nearest hospital, Martin-Gill said.

The federally funded study reviewed about 12,000 cases handled by the Pittsburgh center over nearly three years. Results are in Thursday's New England Journal of Medicine. Researchers found:

?The odds of a medical emergency are 1 per 604 flights, or 16 per 1 million passengers.

?Planes had to be diverted for emergency help in only 7 percent of cases.

?Doctors were on board and volunteered to help in 48 percent of cases; nurses and other health workers were available in another 28 percent. Only one-third of cases had to be handled by flight attendants alone.

?The most common problems: Dizziness or passing out (37 percent of cases); trouble breathing (12 percent) and nausea or vomiting (10 percent).

?About one-fourth of passengers were evaluated at a hospital after landing and 9 percent were admitted, usually with stroke, respiratory or cardiac symptoms.

?Out of nearly 12,000 cases, a defibrillator was applied 137 times, including in 24 cases of cardiac arrest, where the heart had stopped. (Sometimes defibrillators are used to analyze an irregular heart rhythm to help doctors figure out what to do, not necessarily to deliver a shock.)

?Of the cases in this study, only 36 deaths occurred, 30 of them during the flight and the others after landing.

?Pregnancy-related problems were generally rare ? 61 cases, in this study ? and two-thirds of them involved women less than 24 weeks along with possible miscarriages. Air travel is considered safe up to the 36th week, or the last month, of pregnancy. Only three cases of women in labor beyond 24 weeks of pregnancy led to a plane being diverted.

Dr. Lisa Rosenbaum, a University of Pennsylvania cardiologist, helped in a case like that in 2007, on a flight from Boston to Portland, Ore. The passenger was three months from her due date but was having contractions every minute ? something that can often be stopped with drugs and treatment at a hospital but not in midair.

"It was clear to me that labor was imminent and that we needed to land the plane," so, on her advice, the pilot diverted to upstate New York, Rosenbaum said. "It was one of the scariest experiences of my life. It's not like taking care of a patient in the hospital."

Dr. David Rogers, a pediatric surgeon at the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, felt that fear five years ago when an elderly woman had trouble breathing during a flight to Atlanta from Toledo, Ohio.

Being a specialist at treating children rather than adults, "my first reaction was to look around and hope there would be somebody else" more qualified to help, he said.

Luckily, a flight attendant had already given the woman an oxygen mask and she seemed to be improving, so he felt the plane could continue to Atlanta, the woman's home. Trying to determine whether to divert a plane was a tough call, he said.

"I'm making a decision that's going to affect a plane full of people," not just the patient, Rogers said.

Some passengers may fear liability if they help in such situations, but a Good Samaritan law protects those who do so, the study notes. And although health workers are not legally obliged to help, they have a moral obligation to do so, the authors write.

And you never know what kind of help will be requested. Martin-Gill said a partner once was consulted when a dog suffered a cardiac arrest during a flight. He didn't know how things turned out.

___

Online:

Journal: http://www.nejm.org

___

Marilynn Marchione can be followed at http://twitter.com/MMarchioneAP

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/bbd825583c8542898e6fa7d440b9febc/Article_2013-05-29-US-MED-Planes-Medical-Emergencies/id-add8a6820281479fa087ae3cd03ee000

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What You Do not Know About Natural Search Engine Optimization ...

Unfortunately, that fact has led to plenty of fly-by-night search engine marketing companies who?re promising the moon and the stars for search engine ranking effects that they can not possible?

With very nearly 85% of Internet users accessing search engines to get goods and services, according to a leading Arizona SEO Company, web sites that don?t have a normal search engine optimization plan that gets them a 10 search engine ranking are passing up on a lot of business.

Unfortuitously, that fact has resulted in lots of fly-by-night search engine marketing organizations who are promising the moon and the stars for search engine ranking benefits that they could extremely hard receive.

These website marketing rip-off artists offer alleged search engine optimization ?packages? that are based on faulty reasoning and fraudulent methods that usually end up getting their client?s sites banned for life by any good search engine.

It is possible to get a Top 10 search engine position, but never ?overnight?, using what?s called natural search engine optimization.

Online marketing companies that supply natural search engine marketing companies utilize a combination of proven, appropriate techniques that help a web site rank saturated in the natural or ?organic? search engine results that are generated by search engine spiders that ?crawl? a web site looking for keyword-rich content and correctly formatted pages.

The web page gradually increases its position and appears higher in the Search Engine Result Pages (SERPs), when natural search engine optimization rules are followed. The outcome is usually a Top Ten position that your website acquired normally and without paying tens of thousands of dollars to buy key phrase place.

Normal search engine marketing services are the only SEO options that will not get yourself an internet site barred for applying dirty tricks, and they are the only SEO services you must look into if you wish to stay static in the revenue game for the long term.

Of course, search engine optimization is just half the battle. All of the traffic on the planet will not can you any good if some of it can not convert to sales.

But actually, the sales conversion process will be a lot more straightforward to fine-tune until you know exactly what you are doing than seo is.

Web site owners are cautioned against wanting to perform normal search engine marketing techniques themselves, since all it takes is one or two small problems to cause your site to fall to the base of the entries. Than you saved by doing seo yourself and that may cost you more cash.

To find out more about it, please go to: seo companies

Source: http://why.co.nz/what-you-do-not-know-about-natural-search-engine-optimization-will-hurt-you/

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Link between domestic violence and perinatal mental health disorders

May 28, 2013 ? Women who have mental health disorders around the time of birth are more likely to have previously experienced domestic violence, according to a study by UK researchers published in this week's PLOS Medicine.

The researchers, led by Louise Howard from King's College London, found that high levels of symptoms of perinatal* depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder were linked to having experienced domestic violence either during pregnancy, the past year, or over a woman's lifetime.

The researchers (also the authors of the published study) reached these conclusions by reviewing 67 relevant studies (in a systematic review) and combining the results.

They found that around 12-13% of postnatal depression (i.e. high levels of postnatal depressive symptoms) is linked with experiences of domestic violence during pregnancy. In a further analysis, the authors found that women with antenatal and postnatal depression were three times more likely to have experienced domestic violence in the past year and 5 times more likely to have experienced domestic violence when pregnant. Women with antenatal anxiety disorders were also three times more likely to have experienced domestic violence over her lifetime but this figure was less in women with postnatal anxiety disorders.

However, it is important to note that these findings cannot prove that domestic violence can cause perinatal mental health disorders or provide evidence that perinatal mental health disorders can lead to subsequent domestic violence, and there is no information on other perinatal mental disorders, such as eating disorders and puerperal psychosis.

The authors say: "Our finding that women with high levels of symptoms of a range of perinatal mental disorders have a high prevalence and increased odds of having experienced domestic violence both over the lifetime and during pregnancy highlights the importance of health professionals identifying and responding to domestic violence among women attending antenatal and mental health services."

They continue: "Further data is? needed on how maternity and mental health services should best identify women with a history or current experience of domestic violence, respond appropriately and safely, and thus improve health outcomes for women and their infants in the perinatal period."

*Note: the perinatal period refers to the period before, during, and after pregnancy

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/KW6uU5JIa_w/130528181026.htm

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Lawyer: Soldier to admit Afghan massacre

SEATTLE (AP) ? The Army staff sergeant charged with slaughtering 16 villagers in one of the worst atrocities of the Afghanistan war will plead guilty to avoid the death penalty in a deal that requires him to recount the horrific attack for the first time, his attorney told The Associated Press on Wednesday.

Staff Sgt. Robert Bales was "crazed" and "broken" when he slipped away from his remote southern Afghanistan outpost and attacked mud-walled compounds in two slumbering villages nearby, lawyer John Henry Browne said.

But his client's mental state didn't rise to the level of a legal insanity defense, Browne said, and Bales will plead guilty next week.

The outcome of the case carries high stakes. The Army had been trying to have Bales executed, and Afghan villagers have demanded it. In interviews with the AP in Kandahar last month, relatives of the victims became outraged at the notion Bales might escape the death penalty.

"For this one thing, we would kill 100 American soldiers," vowed Mohammed Wazir, who had 11 family members killed that night, including his mother and 2-year-old daughter.

"A prison sentence doesn't mean anything," said Said Jan, whose wife and three other relatives died. "I know we have no power now. But I will become stronger, and if he does not hang, I will have my revenge."

Any plea deal must be approved by the judge as well as the commanding general at Joint Base Lewis-McChord, where Bales is being held. A plea hearing is set for June 5, said Lt. Col. Gary Dangerfield, an Army spokesman. He said he could not immediately provide other details.

"The judge will be asking questions of Sgt. Bales about what he did, what he remembers and his state of mind," said Browne, who told the AP the commanding general has already approved the deal. "The deal that has been worked out ... is they take the death penalty off the table, and he pleads as charged, pretty much."

A sentencing-phase trial set for September will determine whether Bales is sentenced to life in prison with or without the possibility of parole.

Browne previously indicated Bales remembered little from the night of the massacre, and he said that was true in the early days after the attack. But as further details and records emerged, Bales began to remember what he did, the lawyer said, and he will admit to "very specific facts" about the shootings.

Browne would not elaborate on what his client will tell the judge.

Bales, an Ohio native and father of two from Lake Tapps, Wash., had been drinking contraband alcohol, snorting Valium that was provided to him by another soldier, and had been taking steroids before the attack.

Testimony at a hearing last fall established that Bales returned to his base between attacking the villages, woke up a fellow soldier and confessed. The soldier didn't believe him and went back to sleep, and Bales left again to continue the slaughter.

Most of the victims were women and children, and some of the bodies were piled and burned. The slayings drew such angry protests that the U.S. temporarily halted combat operations in Afghanistan. It was three weeks before American investigators could reach the crime scenes.

Browne said his client, who was on his fourth combat deployment, was suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder and a traumatic brain injury. He continued to blame the Army for sending him back to war in the first place.

"He's broken, and we broke him," Browne said.

The massacre raised questions about the toll multiple deployments were taking on American troops. For that reason, many legal experts believed it that it was unlikely that he would receive the death penalty, as Army prosecutors were seeking. The military justice system hasn't executed anyone since 1961.

The defense team, including military lawyers assigned to Bales as well as Browne's co-counsel, Emma Scanlan, eventually determined after having Bales examined by psychiatrists that he would not be able to prove any claim of insanity or diminished capacity at the time of the attack, Browne said.

"His mental state does not rise to the level of a legal insanity defense," Browne said. "But his state of mind will be very important at the trial in September. We'll talk about his mental capacities or lack thereof, and other factors that were important to his state of mind."

Browne acknowledged the plea deal could inflame tensions in Afghanistan and said he was disappointed the case has not done more to focus public opinion on the war.

"It's a very delicate situation. I am concerned there could be a backlash," he said. "My personal goal is to save Bob from the death penalty. Getting the public to pay more attention to the war is secondary to what I have to do."

___

Johnson can be reached at https://twitter.com/GeneAPseattle

___

AP's special regional correspondent for Afghanistan and Pakistan, Kathy Gannon, contributed from Kandahar.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/ap-exclusive-soldier-admit-afghan-massacre-202930434.html

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Beyonce Responds To Kelly Rowland's 'Dirty Laundry': 'I Never Left'

'She heard how real I was and was like 'I'm so proud of you,' ' Kelly says of Bey's reaction to the track.
By James Dinh

Kelly Rowland and Beyoncé
Photo: Kevin Mazur/ WireImage

Source: http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1708202/beyonce-kelly-rowland-dirty-laundry-reaction.jhtml

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Grimes Would Give McConnell Strong Challenge (Taegan Goddard's Political Wire)

Share With Friends: | | Politics - Top Stories News, RSS and RSS Feed via Feedzilla.

Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/308834220?client_source=feed&format=rss

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Remember Me Hands-On With The Custom Combo Creator ...

By Matt Hawkins . May 27, 2013 . 5:11pm

Remember Me is an upcoming Capcom release that will combine platforming, exploration, stealth, plus lots of punching and kicking. Sounds like countless other games out there, right? Right.

?

But it?s all in the details, as the saying goes. And it would appear that the first game to hail from Paris based Dontnod Entertainment, a new studio formed by individuals who worked on Rainbow 6, Splinter Cell, and Heavy Rain, is culmination of those aforementioned titles, of all the lessons learned, with a heavy sci-fi sheen laid on top.

?

What?s Remember Me all about? Well,it is the year 2084 (one hundred years removed from 1984, which is no coincidence, I was told by a Capcom rep) and memories appears to be as precious as gold, perhaps more so. So much so that there are individuals who are dedicated to the art of stealing and altering memories.

?

?

You play as one such person, Nilin, a former agent employed by MEMORIZE, the Big Brother of Remember Me. The demo I was able to test drive kicked off not long after the game?s beginning, where she awakens in the slums of Paris, where memories junkies fight over scraps of pleasant thoughts (I think).

?

Nilin, quite appropriately enough, has had her memory wiped out, but thankfully you have some mysterious fellow passing along instructions, to help get one started. After learning the basics of combat, the demo required me to follow one of the underground denizens across town.

?

On a purely surface level, Remember Me was visually pleasing, despite the fact that the parts I traversed were designed to be ugly. Its rendition of Paris was that of a city that was once the cradle of art and culture, now ravaged by technology and politics. One that was also quite dark and confusing, hence they liberal use directions to help Nilin on the right track. It?s clear that Dontnod Entertainment loves type, with the aforementioned instructions presented in big and bold blocks of text, bathed in white and orange. Remember Me is quite future stylish, albeit not in the most original of ways.

?

Though dark corners and sans-serif fonts aside, the heart of the game is running around and climbing, which feels a lot like Uncharted, as well as melee combat, which is reminiscent of quite a few other games on the market today, pretty much insert any name you can think of here, except with one significant twist: customization. This is achieved via the Combo Lab.

?

?

Like many similar games, you learn new moves as you play, but Remember Me allows you to create you own combos, called Pressens, by collecting the building blocks, called Procedural Mastering Power. The basic concept is that Nilin already knows these moves, and you?re simply unlocking them as you go along. Makes sense. There are different types of Pressens, and the most intriguing thing is how the elements can be combined. For example, a Power Pressen is a combo that combines various different movies and ends with a flashy finish. You also have a Regen Pressen, which doesn?t do much damage, but have regenerative qualities, if completed successfully.

?

With some tinkering around in the Combo Lab, I was able to create a string that both dished a significant amount of damage and also gave myself a little health. Though, not surprisingly, the button combination that brings everything together was hard to pull off; the combat is heavily reliant upon timing and not just pure button mashing. I was only able to pull of this super mega awesome combo 2 out of the 10 times.

?

The idea of a completely customized combo sounds great, and it?s even better once one has been finally crafted. But the middle part is where I had problems with Remember Me. It?s a bit ironic how a game that places such importance on customization plus sexy, clear graphic design, is not able to get the two ideals talking.

?

The Combo Lab was somewhat of a chore to create combos, and I needed to be walked through the process quite heavily by the rep. There is a genuine fear that many casual players will become frustrated by the process of creating something truly unique and simply follow the onscreen prompts to create something basic. Then again, perhaps hardcore players will have no problem in the end, and maybe regular folk as well, after enough time has been spent learning the nuances of the interface. Admittedly, my time with Remember Me was quite fleeting.

?

Remember Me comes out soon, very soon. June 4 in North America to be exact.

Video game stories from other sites on the web. These links leave Siliconera.

Source: http://www.siliconera.com/2013/05/27/remember-me-hands-on-with-the-custom-combo-creator/

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7 charged in $6B online money laundering case

Preet Bharara, U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York, describes a chart showing the global interests of Liberty Reserve, during a news conference in New York, Tuesday, May 28, 2013. Arthur Budovsky,the founder of Liberty Reserve, was indicted in the United States along with six other people in a $6 billion money-laundering scheme described as "staggering" in its scope, authorities said Tuesday.(AP Photo/Richard Drew)

Preet Bharara, U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York, describes a chart showing the global interests of Liberty Reserve, during a news conference in New York, Tuesday, May 28, 2013. Arthur Budovsky,the founder of Liberty Reserve, was indicted in the United States along with six other people in a $6 billion money-laundering scheme described as "staggering" in its scope, authorities said Tuesday.(AP Photo/Richard Drew)

Preet Bharara, U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York, addresses a news conference, in New York, Tuesday, May 28, 2013. Arthur Budovsky,the founder of Liberty Reserve, was indicted in the United States along with six other people in a $6 billion money-laundering scheme described as "staggering" in its scope, authorities said Tuesday. (AP Photo/Richard Drew)

NEW YORK (AP) ? Calling it perhaps the biggest money laundering scheme in U.S. history, federal prosecutors charged seven people Tuesday with running what amounted to an online, underworld bank that handled $6 billion for drug dealers, child pornographers, identity thieves and other criminals around the globe.

The case was aimed at Liberty Reserve, a currency transfer and payment processing company based in Costa Rica that authorities say allowed customers to move money anonymously from one account to another via the Internet with almost no questions asked.

U.S. officials said the enterprise was staggering in scope: Over roughly seven years, Liberty Reserve processed 55 million illicit transactions worldwide for 1 million users, including 200,000 in the U.S.

The network "became the bank of choice for the criminal underworld," U.S. Attorney Preet Bharara said in announcing the unsealing of an indictment against the defendants, including Liberty Revenue founder Arthur Budovsky, an American who renounced his U.S. citizenship after deciding to set up in Costa Rica.

Liberty Reserve allowed users to open accounts using fictitious names, including "Russian Hacker" and "Hacker Account." An undercover investigator was able to register using the name "Joe Bogus" and the address "123 Fake Main Street" in "Completely Made Up City, New York," and then conduct transactions he recorded as "ATM skimming network" and "for the cocaine."

"The coin of the realm was anonymity," Bharara said. "It was the opposite of a know-your-customer policy."

The network charged a 1 percent fee on transactions through middlemen known as exchangers, who converted real currency into virtual funds and then back into cash.

In the indictment, prosecutors called the network "one of the principal means by which cyber criminals around the world distribute, store and launder proceeds of their illegal activity ... including credit card fraud, identity theft, investment fraud, computer hacking, child pornography and narcotics trafficking."

Bharara said it was possibly "the largest international money laundering case ever brought by the United States."

Budovsky and another defendant, identified as Azzeddine el Amine, were arrested Friday at a Madrid airport while trying to return to Costa Rica, according to a Spanish court official, who spoke on condition of anonymity because court policy forbids him from speaking on the record. They were ordered jailed while they await a hearing on extradition to the U.S.

Two other men, including Liberty Reserve co-founder Vladimir Kats, were arrested last week in New York City. There was no public record of their arraignments on Friday night, and there was no immediate response to phone messages left Tuesday with their attorneys.

Of the three remaining defendants, one was in custody in Costa Rica and the others were at large there.

A notice pasted across Liberty Reserve's website Tuesday morning said the domain "has been seized by the United States Global Illicit Financial Team." Attempts to reach Liberty Reserve by phone and email were unsuccessful.

Budovsky and Kats have previous convictions on state charges related to an unlicensed money transmitting business, according to court papers. After that case, they decided to move their operation to Costa Rica, the papers said.

In an online chat captured by law enforcement, Kats admitted Liberty Reserve was illegal and noted that authorities in the United States knew it was "a money-laundering operation that hackers use."

While authorities described Liberty Reserve as being rife with criminals, the site's ease of use, low fees and irreversible transactions that deterred fraud also attracted legitimate users.

Mitchell Rossetti, whose Houston-based ePayCards.com was one of several mainstream merchants that accepted Liberty Reserve's online-only currency, said his business still had about $28,000 tied up in Liberty Reserve accounts.

"The irony of this is I went to them because of the security," Rossetti said. "All sales were final."

He acknowledged that the currency was being used by scammers but said Liberty Reserve funds were just like any other currency: "The U.S. dollar can be donated to a church or it can pay a prostitute."

Liberty Reserve appears to have played an important role in laundering proceeds from the recent theft of some $45 million from two Middle Eastern banks, according to documents made public by U.S. authorities earlier this month. In that scheme, thieves stole debit card information and then used it to drain cash from thousands of ATMs around the world in a matter of hours.

As part of the Liberty Reserve investigation, authorities raided 14 places in Panama, Switzerland, the U.S., Sweden and Costa Rica. In Costa Rica, investigators recovered five luxury cars, including three Rolls-Royces. Bharara said authorities also seized Liberty's computer servers in Costa Rica and Switzerland.

The businesses that were raided in Costa Rica on Friday as part of the investigation into Liberty Reserve are dedicated to Web hosting services, website development and Internet business consulting.

In Costa Rica, all online businesses are legal and there aren't any laws regulating them, so the country has been attracting entrepreneurs setting up Internet-based companies that do everything from e-commerce to gambling banned in other countries.

___

Satter reported from London. Alan Clendenning and Jorge Sainz in Madrid and Javier Cordoba in San Jose, Costa Rica, contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/495d344a0d10421e9baa8ee77029cfbd/Article_2013-05-28-Costa%20Rica-Digital%20Currency/id-d90fb16401a14248a0e653e31655fa15

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Germany: Merkel vows to avoid trade war with China

BERLIN (AP) ? German Chancellor Angela Merkel said Sunday she would use her country's economic clout to prevent the European Union from imposing punitive tariffs on some Chinese products to avoid a trade war.

Germany will push for "very intense talks" between the EU and China to seek a negotiated solution as swiftly as possible, the leader of Europe's biggest economy told visiting Chinese Premier Li Keqiang.

The EU Commission, the 27-nation bloc's executive arm, accuses China of pricing its solar panels and some mobile telecom devices too cheaply, thereby flooding the European market, distorting competition and hurting European manufacturers. Brussels has therefore proposed imposing an average 47 percent special duty on Chinese solar panels, and it is continuing to look into the telecommunication sector.

Li sharply criticized the EU's approach, saying through a translator that "it sends a wrong signal because we want to fight protectionism together."

"We strongly oppose this decision," he insisted, referring to the proposed solar panel tariffs. "We hope that the EU won't use protectionist trade measures for such small a cause," he said.

The EU, the world's largest economy, is China's second-biggest business partner after the U.S., with a trade volume of about 430 billion euros in 2012. The solar panel exports stand for about 7 percent of China's total exports to the EU.

The EU Commission is expected to make a decision on the anti-dumping investigation after consulting all interested parties by the end of the year.

"Germany will work for this to be resolved as quickly as possible because we don't believe (tariffs) would help us very much," said Merkel. "And that's why we should very intensely use the next six months, and Germany will do everything to ensure that the talks will really advance," she added.

Li thanked Merkel, adding that China also hopes that talks between Beijing and Brussels will be able to avoid a trade standoff and yield "an amicable solution."

Germany was the only stop in an EU member nation on Li's inaugural trip abroad, in a sign that China seeks Berlin's clout to influence the EU's at times cumbersome decision making progress. Li, who took office in March, at one point even said during the news conference with Merkel that he was aware that German cannot replace the EU Commission.

China is the world's largest producer of solar panels, exporting more than half of its output to Europe, totaling 21 billion euros in 2011.

The global solar panel market is suffering from overcapacity, which has led to stiff competition that has forced several European manufacturers out of business.

Still, Germany's powerful industrial lobby groups oppose the discussed EU anti-dumping measures against China because they fear an escalating trade war that would dent the countries' buoying business ties.

Li said the EU's decision wouldn't serve its interests and would harm China and others. "It will put the (solar) sector's development in Europe in danger, harm the interest of the European companies, the European consumers and the European industry," he said.

China rejects the EU's price-dumping allegations, but the problem is no novelty for Beijing. The U.S. last year imposed punitive tariffs on solar panel imports after finding that China's government was subsidizing companies that were flooding the U.S. market.

Following Li's arrival at Berlin's Chancellery, he and Merkel met with students from both countries before overseeing the signing of a series of economic cooperation agreements. They also held closed-door talks and were set to have a dinner at a government guest house outside the capital later Sunday.

As part of his trip, Li visited Switzerland on Friday. In Zurich, he signed China's first free-trade agreement with a major Western economy. It had been negotiated for several years. .

On Monday, he will meet other officials and business leaders in Berlin. He also is scheduled to meet Merkel's challenger in September's national elections, the Social Democrats' candidate Peer Steinbrueck.

___

Follow Juergen Baetz on Twitter at http://www.twitter.com/jbaetz

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/germany-merkel-vows-avoid-trade-war-china-174124107.html

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The most fuel-efficient diesel, gas, plug-in, and hybrid cars: meet the winners

Our vehicles are getting better and better gas mileage, but there are a few that stand above the rest. Here are the most fuel-efficient vehicles in every category.?

By Antony Ingram,?Guest blogger / May 26, 2013

A man walks by Toyota Motor Corp's successive models of Prius hybrid cars at the company's showroom in Tokyo last month. Prius still the gold standard among hybrids, and the 2013 model ranks highest in fuel efficiency.

Issei Kato/Reuters/File

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It's official: Cars really are getting more efficient.

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The website focuses on the auto industry?s future, the evolution of cars beyond fossil fuels, and the green movement's relevance to car shoppers today. For more stories on green cars, click here.

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Not that there isn't a long way still to go, but virtually every month statistics emerge to suggest the average fuel efficiency of vehicles in the U.S. has gone up another few fractions of a percent.

There are still winners and losers though, so we decided to think positive and look at the winners--just what are the most efficient gasoline, diesel, hybrid and plug-in vehicles available right now?

Gasoline: 2013 Scion iQ
?36 MPG city, 37 MPG highway, 37 MPG combined

The 2013 Scion iQ sticks to a simple formula to achieve the gas mileage it does: A small, light body, a small-capacity gasoline engine, and that's about it.

Several regular gasoline vehicles beat the iQ's 37 MPG highway figure--40 MPG is now not uncommon--but with a continuously-variable transmission and 1.3-liter engine it fights back with strong city mileage.

The compact size makes it easy to drive in the city too, and even easier to park by the curb. Don't expect to take too many passengers though--it may be a four-seater by trade but you'll realistically fit no more than three, and you're better folding the rear seatback down and improving its luggage space.

Diesel: 2013 Volkswagen Passat TDI
?31 MPG city, 43 MPG highway, 35 MPG combined

It's a Volkswagen-Audi washout at the top of the diesel charts, though that might change when the Chevrolet Cruze Clean Diesel and Mazda Mazda6 Sky-D both go on sale.

Until then, the Passat TDI is the most efficient diesel model you can buy, and it's a particularly excellent highway performer. It uses the same 2.0-litre TDI engine as every other VW and Audi of this size or smaller, and offers a surprising turn of pace and excellent refinement for a diesel.

Not a fan of the Passat's size or shape? Worry not--you can find the same engine, with barely lower fuel efficiency, in everything from the classy Audi A3, through the practical Jetta wagon, to the funky Beetle and Beetle Convertible models.

Hybrid: 2013 Toyota Prius C
?53 MPG city, 46 MPG highway, 50 MPG combined

Both the Prius C and its larger, more iconic Prius stablemate achieve 50 MPG combined, and each offers slightly different strengths.

The Prius C is cheaper, naturally, but it's also a little more agile and even better suited to city driving, with the higher city EPA rating. The regular Prius is the more spacious, and its superior aerodynamics and larger engine help it manage better highway figures.

Plug-in hybrid: 2013 Toyota Prius Plug-In
?51 MPG city, 49 MPG highway, 50 MPG combined, 95 MPGe blended

The plug-in hybrid market is still relatively small right now, awarding the Prius top spot almost by default.

It's selling in modest numbers and doesn't really break any new ground, but based on the already-efficient Prius it's always going to be inexpensive to run, particularly when that 11-mile electric and gas blended mode is considered--over which the Prius achieves 95 MPGe.

Driving thrills aren't on the agenda, but the Prius should be trouble-free to own and relaxing to drive.

Electric: 2013 Fiat 500e
?122 MPGe city, 108 MPGe highway, 116 MPGe combined

There are actually four answers to the question, "what's the most efficient electric car on sale?"

Technically, the 2013 Scion iQ EV is--at 121 MPGe combined, or just 28 kWh per 100 miles. Only you can't get one for love nor money, which is poor even by compliance car standards. The Honda Fit EV is next up at 118 MPGe combined, but while you can at least put one on your driveway, it's lease-only.

The 500e is the most efficient electric car you can actually buy and own, which is why we've awarded it the top spot. But if you wanted to go further, the 500e is still a compliance car and therefore only available to a very limited number of people--meaning the 115 MPGe, 29 kWh/100mi 2013 Nissan Leaf would actually come top. But for those who have access to one, it's the 500e that wins here. More fun than the Leaf, too.

The Christian Science Monitor has assembled a diverse group of the best auto bloggers out there. Our guest bloggers are not employed or directed by the Monitor and the views expressed are the bloggers' own, as is responsibility for the content of their blogs. To contact us about a blogger,?click here.?To add or view a comment on a guest blog, please go to the blogger's own site by clicking on the link in the blog description box above.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/qd0fPtC2rRk/The-most-fuel-efficient-diesel-gas-plug-in-and-hybrid-cars-meet-the-winners

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Listening To The Future With A 3D-Printed Ear

The campus of Washington State University in Southeast Washington?s agricultural region looks like a typical land-grant university. The connected mix of art-deco, modern and post-modern buildings that collectively house the College of Engineering and Architecture hide a strange and incredible secret: that the researchers inside are close to making human-compatible ceramic bone grafts and custom-made prostheses and implants. In short, they?re building cyborgs in Palouse. Welcome to the future of 3D-printed body hacks. Dr. Susmita Bose and Dr. Amit Bandyopadhyay have been waiting for you.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/8F_1zcp2EvI/

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Kindergarten 'Redshirting' Subject to Debate

More parents are putting off a child's kindergarten entry so he or she will be a little older than the classmates. It's a phenomenon known as redshirting.

"The reasons parents choose to redshirt their child vary, depending on the child's emotional, social and academic readiness to join school," Dana Vela, president of Sunrise Preschools, in Arizona, said in an interview with ABCNews.com.

"It has always been in practice, but it has gotten more attention recently and people are talking more about it," said Vela, a mother of three and a preschool teacher for 25 years.

Parents might think their child is not emotionally ready to leave home, or not socially or academically adept. Some parents are even delaying schooling to give their children a competitive advantage in sports, or to delay admission age to college.

A joint study by the University of Virginia and Stanford University released in 2013 established a relationship between red shirting and socio-economic status and ethnicity. "We find that between 4 and 5.5 percent of children delay kindergarten, a lower number than typically reported? We find substantial variation in practices across schools, with schools serving larger proportions of white and high-income children having far higher rates of delayed entry," noted the report, "The Extent, Patterns, and Implications of Kindergarten 'Redshirting,'" issued in April 2013.

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According to a report issued by the National Center for Education Statistics in spring 2011, the scores for kindergarten entry were higher for delayed-entry kindergartners and on-time kindergartners than for repeating kindergartners.

"Even though most school districts want the child to be at least at the age of five, the cut-off date for joining differs according to school district and state," said Vela.

There are mixed results on whether redshirting is helpful for the child in the long run. A study conducted by the National Bureau of Economic Research in 2011 said that starting kindergarten one year late "substantially reduces the probability of repeating the third grade, and meaningfully increases in tenth grade math and reading scores. Effects are highest for low income students and males." Alternately, estimates suggest that entering kindergarten early may also have detrimental effect on future outcomes.

Redshirting poses challenges not only to children but to teachers and parents.

"The teacher is mostly impacted by it. They are dealing with children of ages ranging between four and a half and six and a half. This is a large developmental gap when trying to get through the state standard curricula," said Vela.

"The student will develop a persona that they are always bigger, better, and have the upper hand, which might be challenging in their future," she said.

Tracy Gibb, a mother, blogger of Less than Perfect, deliberately redshirted her son because she thought he was emotionally immature. Her son, now 13, has a best friend one year younger than he is.

Source: http://abcnews.go.com/Health/redshirting-kindergarten-subject-debate/story?id=19253486

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The New French | Travel + Leisure Southeast Asia

France does fancy better than nearly anyone. But the thing is, I generally prefer the hearty country fare and casual everyday bistro food to white-tablecloth haute cuisine. The flavors never feel as rich despite usually being too filling; the mood is often too stuffy. However, up in Chiang Mai, Chef Carlos Manuel Gaudencio has me rethinking that paradigm. Having just taken over the kitchen at Farang Ses, at the Mandarin Oriental Dhara Dhevi, the thirty-something who spent the past seven years at Le Normandie in Bangkok, recently served me two consecutive six-course meals that were diverse, light and playful takes on Continental classics. Rainbow sherbet palate cleanser? Nope: that?s pink, orange and white frothy soup made from three vegetables and tinted with truffle oil. Ending an enormous meal on steak should just send you over the edge, right? Not if it?s two perfectly sized slices of Wagyu cooked sous vide, encircled by a few tiny carrot trees.

It?s tough to make food fun without being too twee about it, but this man can polka-dot a plate and have even the most jaded grown man cooing at the cuteness of it all. And thank you, chef Carlos, for all the lobster?roasted tails with apple ?marshmallows? and a bisque in which the chunks of meat were cradled in a delicate pastry pot; you really know the way to a woman?s heart. As Dhara Dhevi general manager Torsten van Dullemen says of his Le Grand V?four-trained handsome new maestro, ?The ladies love him.?

Oh, and P.S.: If someone tries to serve you a boring platter of legumes de saison, don?t reject the seemingly random radish and fris?e out of hand?those are a trompe-l?oiel of a marzipan-encased ice cream ball and spot of light sponge cake courtesy of pastry chef Fabrice Leblus. Eat your veggies!

?JENINNE LEE-ST. JOHN

Homard r?ti au beurre doux, pomme fondant et r?p? de radis rose

Roasted scallops in a potato nest with seafood consomm?

From left: Parichaya Na Nakornpanom, Dhara Dhevi?s Assistant Director of Sales & Marketing; Rene David Bennett, Assistant Food & Beverage Manager; Chef Carlos; U.S. Consul General to Chiang Mai, Kenneth L. Foster; T+L SEA Feature Editor, Jeninne; Wichai Charoenpanvorakul, Dhara Dhevi?s Director of Sales & Marketing

Chef Carlos and his Farang Ses kitchen staff

Chef Carlos?s new menu debuted May 26, 2013.

http://www.mandarinoriental.com/chiangmai/fine-dining/farang-ses/

+66-53/888888 ext. 8549.

Source: http://blog.travelandleisureasia.com/destination/2013/05/27/the-new-french/

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How to Start Researching your Family Tree | Homemaking With Heart

Chodziez, Poznan, where my husband?s ancestors were from. They emigrated to New Zealand at the latter part of the 19th century.

Before you start trawling your way through the billions of records on the many websites online, it?s a good idea to organise how you?re going to store and reference your research, as it will help a great deal in future.? I cannot emphasise this enough.? When I first started, I was so excited to get to the 1700s in about 2 hours, that I had to go back another time and tidy up the frenzy!? I hope this doesn?t tame your enthusiasm ? just think of it as laying good solid foundations so you will enjoy your investigating so much more as you jump into the genealogy journey.

So before you get too carried away with those England census records and unsolved family mysteries, here?s where I?d recommend starting.

The marriage of Henry Paxton and Jane Hunter 1838

1) Organisation

Download the ?Personal Ancestral File? (PAF) for free, or sometimes a? software program is free with a family tree magazine.? A popular paid software program is ?Family Tree Maker? available for purchase from ?Ancestry?.? But you could start with the free basic PAF, and if you?d like the increased functionality of other programs, then you can purchase one in future.? Your family tree will be saved as a PAF file, but you can export this as a GED-com file into other programs.

You will also want to have a system for storing the originals of vital records, documents and photos.

Dean Castle, taken in 2009

2) Guidelines for Sharing Online

There are many sites to upload your family tree onto, which will help with sharing research with others who are tracing the same family line.? I could tell you so many stories on my own journey of families reunited, first cousins meeting for the first time in their 80s, and friendships formed after many years of families being out of touch.? It is what I have found the most rewarding.

When uploading your tree, remember to always hide living relatives, especially children, and be sensitive as to what information you share about close relatives, even those who have died.? ??I made some mistakes early on, and also been on the receiving end of other peoples.

3) Sources, verifying others research, and referencing.

• Make sure you record the source of your findings, be it a vital document (such as a christening or burial record), or census, word of mouth, or military record.? Your family tree program will have a place to do this for every detail, or else record under your notes.
• Keep really good notes in your program, even if your research leads you to a dead end. It?s surprising what you forget when you return a year later to trace a difficult line.
• There is the temptation to copy and paste the research from others, as it?s always an exciting find when you discover someone researching the same line.? Sometimes you only need to go back as far as a grandparent, and frequently, as far as a great grandparent.? But there is so much inaccurate research on the internet, much of it people have just taken a guess and connected family trees together.? If you can?t verify with some certainty, then record in your notes and do further research until you can connect a person in.

Smithy where an ancestor, William Loydall, worked in the 19th Century (the individual?s pictured are on cousin lines),

4) Getting Started

Always work backwards from yourself.? Record all your own details and make notes about the places you?ve lived in.? I like to build a timeline under my notes for each individual.

a) Accumulating information and data:

• Start with yourself and record all your details, your parents, your grandparents, and as much as you know.? Record even the most far-fetched stories in your notes, as sometimes there is an element of truth in them that may help.

• Talk to family members (even siblings) about what they know and what their memories are. Where you can, ask to see certificates, photos (often have information on the back), memorabilia, family bibles, wills.

• Has anyone else in your family done any research?? Copy it into your notes and take the time to verify family stories and dates where possible.? Many times someone will have written things down years ago before the internet was available.? This sort of information is often a goldmine to your research.

b) Visit your local library

See what resources they have, especially if your family has been local for more than a generation or two. A good-sized library will also be a treasure trove for reference books and may have a genealogical society that meets regularly.

You might like to purchase your own family history guide, particular those written by reputable authors.? (I have one by ?Collins?). There are some great reference books around.? Check them out the library first to see if you will refer to them often, and only get the most recent ones as information is constantly being added to the internet.? You may also want to wait until you know more about where your family is from to ensure what reference materials will be relevant ? if they?re from the British Isles for instance you?ll have many to choose from.

c) Join your local family history society and/or join mailing lists online for relevant surnames and places.?

Community is a central part of family history research.? Connect with others and share research and tips.? And if you benefit from this, freely give yourself as well.

Holy Trinity Church, Clapham, London, England. One of the ancestral churches where many of my ancestors were christened and buried.**

Next time I post on family research, I?ll write on what sort of records are available where you ancestors may have left footprints.

You may also be interested in these other posts on Family History Research:

[** NB. I downloaded this image many years ago and didn't reference it.? If you know where it has come from, please let me know].

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Source: http://homemakingwithheart.com/2013/05/26/how-to-start-researching-your-family-tree/

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It is Worth Training a New Commercial Property Manager in Your ...

If you have a need for a new commercial property manager or perhaps a retail shopping center manager, is the training process of a junior person worth it or should you employ an experienced person for the required role?? You can go either way but the strategy is different and your choice will have to do with the demands of the portfolio and your existing property management clients.

Here are some basic facts to be considered:

• Some clients require special attention and information.? The property that they own may be very complex or demanding.? A junior property manager will struggle and over time can threaten the stability of your agency appointment.? They can also make costly mistakes and involve the agency or brokerage in a litigation claim.
• A complex and large property will have high workload demands; on that basis the fee for management should be suitably high to reflect the time and task input by the brokerage and property manager.
• The landlords that you serve will have special reporting and communication requirements.? Every property manager should understand the financial reporting systems as well as the tenant and lease management systems to help with the reporting to clients.? Each day the systems will need to be accessed to see if any critical dates or lease events are happening.? Early implementation of critical dates will keep things under control.

In saying all of these things it is worthwhile noting that experienced property managers will ?short circuit? and ?fast track? any new property portfolio appointment; they will know what to do and how to get the job done.? So there is a balance here between the salary costs of an experienced person for the role, versus training a new person.

The tasks controlled by a good property manager are complex; they are best described as including these bigger issues:

1. Understanding the focus of the client is high on the list.? When you understand the client you can adjust the strategies associated with income and expenditure.? The same will apply with leasing and tenant management.? The client will have needs of cash flow and plans for the property that should be understood.? The reports that are prepared for your clients will be specialised to the property and the client.
2. Strong and positive tenant relationships will help a property perform financially and physically.? The property manager needs to stay in touch with all tenants in a positive and ongoing way.?? It is not an easy task and requires good communication skills on the part of the property manager.
3. The leases for the property underpin the income and expenditure performance.? For this reason the property manager must keep a close eye on the leases and the tenant mix.? Stay ahead of critical dates with rent reviews, options, renovations, and other special lease terms.
4. The maintenance of the property will have an impact on the tenants, vacancies, customers, and landlord cash flow.? The property manager should monitor those things and make the right recommendations.

?

Should you employ an experienced property manager to your team?? The answer is always ?yes?, so you can get the professionalism into your management systems and client relationships.? When you have a couple of highly qualified property managers you can consider training juniors to rise up through the ranks.

You can get more commercial real estate training tips like this in our Newsletter right here.

Tags: commercial property manager, commercial real estate training, new property manager, retail property manager, staff training

Source: http://commercialrealestatetraining.com.au/it-is-worth-training-a-new-commercial-property-manager-in-your-agency/

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Researchers suggest boosting body's natural flu killers

Friday, May 24, 2013

A known difficulty in fighting influenza (flu) is the ability of the flu viruses to mutate and thus evade various medications that were previously found to be effective. Researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem have shown recently that another, more promising, approach is to focus on improving drugs that boost the body's natural flu killer system.

Emergence of new influenza strains, such as the recent avian influenza (H5N1) and swine influenza (H1N1 2009), can lead to the emergence of severe pandemics that pose a major threat to the entire world population. Recently, the concern regarding the emergence of such a pandemic arose when a new and deadly avian influenza strain (H7N9) was discovered in China, causing the death of six people in only one month.

The body's immune system can fight influenza infection. Natural killer (NK) cells, which are an essential component of this system, can recognize and eliminate influenza-virus-infected cells and inhibit the spread of the virus in the respiratory system.

But, as Ph.D. student Yotam Bar-On and Ofer Mandelboim, the Dr. Edward Crown Professor of General and Tumor Immunology at the Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC) of the Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, have revealed in a paper published in Cell Reports, the influenza virus is able to escape from the NK cells activity, allowing it to spread in the respiratory system.

They show that this is accomplished by the influenza virus utilizing the enzymatic activity of the neuraminidase protein to neutralize the NK cells' receptors that are responsible for detecting the influenza-virus-infected cells. This, in effect, neutralizes the NK cells' ability to accomplish their designated flu-killing duty.

With the aid of the neuraminidase protein, the influenza virus is free to exit from the infected cell, enabling it to infect new neighbor cells and spread in the respiratory system. Anti-flu drugs were developed to inhibit this spread of the virus by inhibiting the neuraminidase enzymatic activity. But, as with other, earlier anti-influenza drugs, the flu viruses are able to gain the upper hand. The extensive use of neuraminidase inhibitors has caused the emergence of new, drug-resistant influenza strains.

For example, during the spread of the swine influenza pandemic in 2009, the Health Protection Agency in the UK reported that 99% of the viruses analyzed were resistant to these inhibitors. It was shown that the virus was able to change the neuraminidase structure so the drug can no longer bind this protein, and therefore the desired inhibitory effect is lost.

But, despite this, Bar-On and Mandelboim have shown that this type of widely used drug has the effect of boosting the activity of the NK cells, enabling them to better eliminate the influenza virus. They stress, therefore, that efforts should be focused on developing effective new drugs that would maintain and enhance this NK cell activity, thereby leading to more effective elimination of the influenza virus and better recovery from flu infection without the susceptibly to the changes in the neuraminidase protein structure currently brought about by mutating flu viruses.

###

The Hebrew University of Jerusalem: http://www.huji.ac.il

Thanks to The Hebrew University of Jerusalem for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/128388/Researchers_suggest_boosting_body_s_natural_flu_killers

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